Today, the government pays special attention to science and science popularization. This includes legal regulation, in particular, and makes the focus of the humanities scholars. However, the issues of the origins of science education of the community, including via the librarianship, are understudied. The goal of this s tudy i s t o r eveal a nd a nalyze t he l egislative a cts o n n on-formal education regulation adopted in 1725–1917. The study focused on the documents comprising definitions related to the science popularization in its modern sense. In Part 1, the author discusses the results of content analysis of the legal documents regulating operations of the Academy of Sciences, libraries, museums and exhibitions. It was found that the first legal regulations of the science education date back to the early 18th century and were addressed to the Academy members. The public lectures delivered by scholars, museum displays, excursions, translations of the popular science reviews and publications were the earliest legally regulated science popularization forms in Russian history