The Russian publishing market is analyzed from the library’ perspective, as the book publishing and book distribution market dynamics, including both book publishing and trends in distributing in different formats through various channels and technologies, affect significantly library collection development. The following problems are indicated: 1) completeness and accessibility of information on scientific literature being published; 2) procurability. The analysis is based on the statistical data by Russian Book Chamber, sector-specific report “The Russian Book Market”, etc. The dependence of quality of library collection development on the book industry status is emphasized. In assessing quantitative characteristics of scientific book publishing, the acquisitions indicators of RNPLS&T as a Mandatory Copy receiver, were used. The role of electronic library systems, library book pools, as well as of the National Book Platform and National Bibliographic Resource, both under development, is explored.