урожайность | Библиотека ELiS

Regularities of yield formation of table beet varieties and hybrids in the conditions of the Amur region

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Tue, 07/09/2024 - 16:45

The article presents the results of testing of table beet varieties and hybrids in the fields of farm private enterprise “S.E.V.” (Blagoveshchensk district, Amur region) in 2015–2017. It was shown that the growing season of varieties and hybrids depended on the conditions of the year by 11.3% and on the genotype by 4.3% to 10.3%, and the yield by 26.05% to 49.69% and 16.12% to 17.69%, respectively. The correlation between yield and growing season is inverse mean r = –0.659.

Sainfoin (Onobrychis Adans.): a beneficial crop in organic grassland farming (review)

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Tue, 07/09/2024 - 16:45

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Perennial legumes are the most beneficial crops in the organic grassland farming. These crops include sainfoin, which should take its rightful place in forage lands, especially in modern conditions of increasing aridity. Three species are cultivated in Russia: Onobrychis viciifolia Scop., O. arenaria (Kit.) DC and O. transcaucasica Grossh. The cultivation of sainfoin is of great ecological importance due to its special ecological properties and chemical composition. It has a deep and highly branched root system, capable of absorbing nutrients from deep soil layers.

Formation of pods, seeds and yield of varieties of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) with a determinant type of growth

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Tue, 07/09/2024 - 16:45

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Long-term studies on leached chernozem soils were carried out at the experimental base of the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (Michurinskiy district, Tambov region) under the conditions of the northern part of the Central Black Earth Region.

Effect of mineral fertilizers on crop quality and yield in long-term stationary experiment in the climatic conditions of the Cis-Urals

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Tue, 07/09/2024 - 16:45

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A stationary field experiment carried out in 1978 on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil (Eutric Albic Retisols (Abruptic, Loamic, Cutanic)) found that the application of mineral fertilizers in increasing doses led to acidification of the soil by the end of the fifth crop rotation in the arable layer with pH 5.6 when laying the experiment to pH 4.5 in the (NPK) 150 variant. The use of NPK at 90-150 kg ai/ha contributed to the preservation of the initial humus level, an increase in the content of mobile phosphorus to 452 and exchangeable potassium to 403 mg/kg.

Effi ciency of application of microfertilizers when growing cereal crops on heavy loam soddy-podzolic soils in the central regeon of the Non-Chernozem Zone

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Tue, 07/09/2024 - 16:45

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In view of the important role of microelements in the physiological and biochemical processes in plants, the study of new types of microfertilizers is of undoubted interest, both in theoretical and practical terms. The possibility of using microelement complexes together with chemical and biological plant protection products makes it possible to combine the terms of their use and increase the biological effectiveness of preparations. At the same time, the effectiveness of microfertilizers largely depends on the degree of soil cultivation, which served as the basis for this research.

Meteorological effect on the formation of economic traits of spring wheat in the Central Non-CHernozem region

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Tue, 07/09/2024 - 16:45

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This article presents the results of the study of the meteorological effect of vegetation on the formation of economic traits of spring wheat in 2021–2022. Fifteen varieties, developed in the different ecological conditions, were selected as study material, among them Zlata was used as a standard. The research work was carried out at the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (evaluation of field trials during vegetation, analysis of yield and its structure) and at the Department of Remote Hybridization of the N.V.

Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) As an universal forage crop in adaptive grassland farming (review)

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Tue, 07/09/2024 - 16:45

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The review summarizes the results of domestic and foreign literature on the biological and ecological characteristics and use of orchardgrass in forage production. In Russia and the world, the orchardgrass is one of the most widespread species in natural and seeded meadows. With a sufficient supply of nitrogen, it surpasses other grasses in terms of competitiveness and yield, producing 5 to 12 t/ha of dry matter in different regions of Russia. Under optimal conditions of use, its productive longevity is 8 to 10 years or more.

On the selection and placement of apple varieties for growing in commercial orchards in the middle zone of fruit growing in Russia

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Tue, 07/09/2024 - 16:45

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The relevance of the work is caused by the fact that recently the government has been allocating significant funds for the revival of horticulture, which is an important area of development of domestic agriculture. Since the 1990s, fruit growing in Russia has been in a state of decline -the area of orchards has been greatly reduced, the yield and gross fruit production have decreased several times. Now when the situation is changing for the better, new orchards should become competitive, fully meeting the needs of the population of our country in fruit production.

Effectiveness of new herbicides on corn crops in the conditions of the Western Ciscaucasus

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Tue, 07/09/2024 - 16:45

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When studying the effectiveness of using promising herbicides on crops of corn hybrids in the central zone of the Krasnodar Territory, it was found that corn crops are predominantly contaminated with dicotyledonous weeds such as Theophrastus rope, upturned acorn grass, ragwort, white pigweed, self-seeded poppy, and shepherd’s purse. Cereal (monocot) weeds are represented by blue bristle grass, green bristle grass and chicken millet. Perennial weeds include by field bindweed. The most effective herbicide is Adengo in the 1–2 leaf stage, giving a yield increase of 56.1 c/ha.

Influence of fertilizers on yield and feed qualities of leguminous crops in Central Non-Chernozem Region

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Tue, 07/09/2024 - 16:45

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This paper assesses the productivity of single-species and mixed crops of peas, field peas and spring vetch with spring wheat, depending on the composition and use of fertilizers. The authors determined application rates and combinations of mineral fertilizers for well-supplied with phosphorus and potassium sod-podzolic soils of the Central Non-Chernozem Region with slightly acidic or close to neutral condition.