Р. И. Тараканов Soybean is one of the major grain legumes and oil crops in Russia. Fungal diseases remain the most important factor limiting yield, production stability, and seed quality. The aim of this review was to summarize and critically analyze the available data on fungal diseases of soybean in Russia, taking into account current taxonomic concepts, regional phytosanitary surveys, and molecular diagnostic data. The analysis is based on domestic and international publications, including regional monitoring materials, classical Soviet works, and recent studies on the prevalence, pathogenesis, and systematics of phytopathogenic fungi. It was noted that the greatest practical significance in Russia is attributed to Fusarium root rots and wilt, Rhizoctonia blight, Septoria spot, disease complexes associated with Cercospora species, anthracnose, the Diaporthe/Phomopsis complex, white mold, charcoal rot, and powdery mildew. Visual diagnosis of many diseases is complicated by the high species diversity within genera such as Cercospora, Colletotrichum, Diaporthe, and members of the family Didymellaceae, while traditional morphological approaches are often insufficient for accurate pathogen identification. Special attention is given to seed-borne fungal infections. In Russia, seed-borne infections associated with Fusarium spp., Alternaria spp., the Cercospora species complex (including C. sojina), as well as the recently identified Septogloeum sojae in the Amur Region, have been most convincingly confirmed. It is concluded that classical phytopathological diagnostics should be combined with multilocus molecular identification of pathogens.
Научная статья 
фитосанитарный мониторинг