The accessibility of scientific information offers almost infinite possibilities for bolstering science status and prestige in the eyes of the widest population. The author discusses the popular approaches to science popularization, key models of scientific communication and related problems. When assessing the demand for scientific knowledge, the science communicators report on the “popularization boom”, on one hand, and on the relatively low awareness of Russian citizens of the current state of Russian science. The author emphasizes the role of the libraries in scientific knowledge popularization, promotion of scientific and technological achievements and enhancing prestige of science. Based on the analysis of RNPLS&T’s reports, the author concludes that RNPLS&T has numerous possibilities to popularize science, i. e. the base (the collection of scientific literature), subjects (certified library professionals), and audience (users). The Library is interested in the activities (educating, attracting the users). In compliance with the provisions of the RNPLS&T’s Statute, science popularization can become an important and adequate vector of activities. This work is carried out, to a varying degree, by every RNPLS&T’s division. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the possibilities for science popularization as exemplified by the initiatives of the RNPLS&T’s group of Ecology and Sustainable Development Projects. In 2016–2024, the group accomplished several projects oriented towards students at secondary schools and universities. The author reviews the RNPLS&T’s digital collections on environmental protection and nature management that lay the foundation for the projects. The author discusses their contents and structure, formulates goals, tasks and approaches applied by the developers, and analyzes demand for the projects, their features, and their stages. In the author’s opinion, the library lessons make the most effective form of science popularization, together with the thematic resources in the open access at the RNPLS&T website. The author concludes on the potential of this work for focusing attention of the young on scientific literature which is evidenced by the persistently high rate of the users who potentially need support in information search.