Библиотека ELiS

Despotic Idea and Despotic Personality: Two Variants of Despotism in the Philosophy of К. Leontiev and F. Nietzsche

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Wed, 09/04/2024 - 23:54

The article suggests that the origins of some of Leontiev’s philosophical ideas should be sought in the philosophy of A. Schopenhauer. It reveals the origin of Leontiev’s “despotic idea” and, at the same time, the meaning of the term despotism, the mention of which in Leontiev’s texts used to confuse his contemporaries. The article clarifies the place of despotic idea in Leontiev’s conceptual system, its role in his theory of organic development, in his doctrine of cultural distinctness and in the philosopher’s description of his social and political ideal.

Master-Metaphors in Sociology: Characteristics and Principles of Use

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Wed, 09/04/2024 - 23:54

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The pгinciples of functioning of basic metaphors at various peгiod of the development of sociology аге investigated. SocioЬiological and flow-netwoгk metaphoгs аге compaгed. lt is shown that both Ыocks of basic sociological metaphoгs аге characterized bу а comЬination of internal diffeгentiation and external unity. The authoг analyzes the paгallels between changes in the understanding of human natшe and society, гeflected in the basic metaphoгs.

Conceptions of intensionality of mathematical discourse: The Stages of Self-reference

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Wed, 09/04/2024 - 23:54

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The article discusses the reasons for the emergence of intensional structures in mathematical discourse with the example of the proof of the Second Gödel Theorem on the incompleteness of arithmetic. It is shown that one of the reasons for intensionality is the conceptual structure, including the transition from strictly mathematical formulations to their interpretation. Three stages of intensionality are analyzed - coding, constructing a predicate of proof, and constructing a self-reference sentence.

D. DENNETT AND SCIENTIFIC REALISM: AFFIRMING THE CONSEQUENT AND THE EXISTENCE DIMENSION WITH PROJECTABILITY

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Wed, 09/04/2024 - 23:54

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The paper aims to look for the arguments against the tenet that the inference to the best explanation that connects the scientific realism and the success of scientific knowledge, and that is coined as the Main argument for the scientific realism, is circular for it contains the affirming the consequent fallacy (L. Laudan, B. Van Fraassen, etc.) A special case of the «Main argument» is considered - the inference to the existence of unobservables on the basis of the causal explanation of the phenomenon.

Anaximander and his «Apeiron»

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Wed, 09/04/2024 - 23:54

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The reconstruction of the teachings of Аnaximander about the origin of the world is based on the analysis of his practical attempts to simulate some natural phenomena and invent devices or scientific instruments that explain and predict some meteorological events. The Earth rests in equilibrium not only because of its location in the center of the Universe, but also because it is «supported» by the «shell» of «ἀήρ».

Forms of implementation of local self-government and dynamics of their development at different stages of municipal reform

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Wed, 09/04/2024 - 23:54

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The article analyzes the forms of public participation in the implementation of local self-government at various stages of municipal reform. It studies the consolidation of various forms of participation in federal laws on local self-government. The analysis of data from the annual Monitoring of the development of the local government system has been carried out, which makes it possible to assess the real prevalence of various forms of public participation.

PRACTICAL NORMATIVITY: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL REASONS

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Wed, 09/04/2024 - 23:54

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The paper considers the connection between normative statements and rational grounds (reasons) for action. It analyzes the nature of practical syllogism and its role in conceptions of practical rationality. The paper also brings to light the difficulties related to differentiating between normative and explanatory reasons and offers ways of bridging the gap between individual rationality and normativity

On Periodization of Pragmatism

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Wed, 09/04/2024 - 23:54

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Currently, there are a s number of positions on periodization and stages of the evolutionary development of pragmatism. In contemporary philosophy and the history of philosophy there is no stable consensus as to who of the modern philosophers can be unambiguously ranked among pragmatists and neo-pragmatists, and also, from what point can one speak of the onset of the neo-pragmatist stage of development of this tradition.

Criticism of Reason in Husserl’s Transcendental Phenomenology

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Wed, 09/04/2024 - 23:54

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The paper is devoted to the concept of reason in Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology. By analyzing the concepts and terminology, the author shows the specific of reason and transcendentality in phenomenology. The specific of phenomenological transcendentality is in the possibility to prescribe to it individual features in contrast to Kantian transcendentality, which is abstract, ideal and universal. This specific of transcendentality leads to the concept of reason as a “net”, which covers the whole area of mind, including thinking, feeling, willing.

The Sceptical Problem Is a Pseudo-Problem. Open Lecture: Does the External World Exist? Part II. The Sceptical Scenario Is Meaningless

Submitted by Гость (not verified) on Wed, 09/04/2024 - 23:54

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Duncan Pritchard’s hinge-disjunctivist approach is not purely therapeutic, it represents a significant step forward. But, within it, the nature of the hinge propositions themselves is not fully disclosed. We interpret the hinge propositions as reality-rooted Wittgenstein rules.This allows us to strengthen the joint interpretation of the sceptical paradox. Finally, we express our doubts about the need for a disjunctivist component to solve/dissolve the sceptical problem.