К. С. Бородина The dynamics of the main physico-chemical properties of leached chernozem were studied over the period from 2022 to 2024 under different land use types: arable land, ploughed fallow, ploughed perennial grasses, and virgin land. It was found that across all land use variants, there was an increase in the pH of the aqueous suspension by 0.18–1.06 units (up to 7.76 on virgin land), a decrease in hydrolytic acidity by 59–96% (down to 0.2 meq/100 g), and an increase in the sum of exchangeable bases by 17–44% (up to 48.4 meq/100 g). The most pronounced changes were recorded on the virgin land site. The cation exchange capacity in the agrocoenoses changed slightly (up to 7%), whereas on virgin land it increased by 27%. The base saturation degree increased by 5–12% and reached 95–100%. It is shown that the observed changes are attributable to the anomalous hydrothermal conditions of 2024: a decrease in precipitation to 383 mm (–38% of the longterm average) and an increase in the mean annual temperature to 7.7°C. This led to the formation of an upward water flux and the migration of Ca2⁺ and Mg2⁺ carbonates into the upper soil horizons. The results obtained indicate that, in the short term (2–3 years), climatic factors may exert a more significant influence on the physicochemical properties of chernozems than land use type.
Научная статья 
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