The purpose of the article is to present the history of book publishing in the Eastern Transbaikalia during the Great Patriotic War. The relevance of the research is determined by the high scientific value of the comprehensive analysis of the historical context of the development of book business in individual regions of the Russian Federation, which makes it possible to identify fundamental patterns and idiosyncratic characteristics of regional book publishers. The methodological basis of the research combines principles of historicism, consistency, objectivity and the method of content analysis. The source database has been formed on the materials from the State Archive of the Trans-Baikal Territory (collections P-3 “Chita Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the RSFSR”, P-6 “Chita Regional Executive Committee”, P-144 “Chita Regional Book and Magazine State Publishing House”, P-329 “Primary CPSU organization of the publishing houses administration’ printing house”, the State Archive of the Russian Federation (collection A-259 “Council of Ministers of the RSFSR”), as well as the local newspaper “Zabaikalsky Rabochy”. The analysis of these sources has revealed serious difficulties in the field of book publishing: a severe shortage of paper, technical backwardness of printing equipment, and a significant reduction of production capacities. It is stated that the focus of printed materials’ themes has shifted towards military-patriotic, political, agitation, propaganda, and agricultural materials. The author provides a detailed description of the process of forming the unified editorial and publishing structure, concluded with the establishment of the Chita Regional Book Publishing House.
