The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into academic libraries raises critical questions regarding professional responsibility and ethical decision-making. This study examines the ethical readiness of academic librarians in Hanoi, Vietnam, by analysing the relationship between awareness of AI ethical principles and ethical judgment capacity (EJC). Data were collected from 68 librarians across six universities using purposive convenience sampling. Correlation analysis shows that awareness of accountability, data privacy, transparency, and fairness is positively associated with EJC at the 0.01 level. Data privacy demonstrates the strongest correlation (r = .705), followed by accountability (r = .691), transparency (r = .653), and fairness (r = .594). Multiple regression analysis indicates that the model is statistically significant (F(4, 63) = 23.904, p < .001), explaining 60.3 % of the variance in ethical judgment capacity (R² = .603). When considered simultaneously, only data privacy (β = .415, p < .001) and accountability (β = .319, p = .030) remain significant predictors. The findings suggest that AI ethical principles do not operate uniformly in practice; responsibility oriented dimensions appear more influential than procedural principles such as transparency or fairness. By providing empirical evidence from a developing country context, this study contributes to ongoing debates on AI ethics in library and information science and highlights the importance of strengthening data governance and professional accountability in AI-mediated services.
