The paper shows the significant contribution of Vsevolod Makrichievich Klechkovskiy to the development of agrochemistry and radioecology. V.M. Klechkovskiy worked all his life at the Department of Agrochemistry of Timiryazev Academy as an assistant professor, associate professor, professor, and Head of the Department. His creative activity was associated with two areas of research - agrochemistry and radioecology (the subject area established by him). In 1946, he was appointed Head of the Biophysical Laboratory (BPhL) at the Department of Agrochemistry and made a significant contribution to the development of radioecology as an independent research area. The authors demonstrate that the Biophysical Laboratory laid the foundation for establishing the All-Union Research Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology.