В. К. Храмой The article presents data on the duration of the growing season, biomass accumulation, seed productivity, protein content in seeds and protein yield with seed yield of four early-maturing soybean varieties – Magheva, Kasatka, Svetlaya, and Georgiya of the selection of the Institute of Seed Production and Agrotechnology – a branch of the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM. The study of early-maturing soybean varieties capable of sustainable maturing in the Non-chernozem zone is aimed at solving the problem of protein deficiency in grain crops produced in agricultural enterprises, which is important for the development of animal husbandry. The research was carried out in 2018–2019 on sod-podzolic, sandy loam soils. The Svetlaya and Kasatka soybean varieties had the shortest growing season – 94 days, the Magheva variety had a 9-day longer growing season and the Georgiya variety had a 14-day longer growing season. The earliest maturing soybean varieties are Svetlaya and Kasatka. The sum of temperatures at the level of 1623°C is sufficient for the formation of seed yield. The soybean varieties Magheva and Georgiya require a sum of temperatures 150–200°C higher. The varieties with a long growing season – Georgiya and Magheva – are characterized by a high level of biomass accumulation and higher seed yield, on average over two years their seed yields were 1.64 and 1.48 t/ha respectively, while those of the varieties Svetlaya and Kasatka were 1.30 and 1.34 t/ha respectively. The soybean varieties Magheva (40.7%) and Kasatka (39.8%), while Georgiya (36.1%) had the lowest. Protein yield with the seed yield was more dependent on the seed yield. The correlation coefficient between protein yield and seed yield was 0.91, and between protein yield and seed protein content was 0.19. The varieties with the highest protein yields were Magheva and Georgiya with 602 and 599 kg/ha respectively. The varieties with the lowest protein yield were Kasatka (529 kg/ha) and Svetlaya (500 kg/ha).
Научная статья 
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